The amphitheater

The Amphitheater in Pompeii is a remarkable archaeological site that offers a glimpse into the ancient Roman world. Situated south of Via dell'Abbondanza, near the Sarno Gate, this grand structure was completed in 80 BC by the magistrates C. Quintus Valgus and M. Porcius. With a seating capacity of around 20,000 spectators, the amphitheater is one of the oldest permanent amphitheaters in Italy, making it a significant piece of Roman architectural history.

The elliptical shape of the arena, surrounded by a parapet adorned with intricate paintings depicting scenes of hunting and contests, showcases the attention to detail and craftsmanship of the time. The ima cavea, reserved for individuals of rank, was divided into sectors to accommodate different social classes. The central part of the first four rows featured wide platforms for Visalia, while the eastern and western sections were designated for decurions and duoviri, respectively. The media and summa cavea were further divided into cunei by flights of stairs, allowing for easy access to seating areas.

The construction of the amphitheater involved excavating the sand approximately six meters deep below ground level, with the excavated material used to create the earthworks supporting the structure. A continuous supporting wall, following the elliptical shape of the arena, provided stability, while a second retaining wall with buttresses and blind arches formed the exterior of the building. The strategic location of the amphitheater in the eastern corner of the city, where the land was still undeveloped, allowed for efficient construction and utilization of resources.

Visitors to the amphitheater can marvel at the impressive size and design of the structure, gaining insight into the entertainment and social gatherings that took place within its walls. The 3D view of the amphitheater, provided by the Soprintendenza Archeologica di Pompei, offers a unique perspective on the layout and scale of this ancient marvel. As one of the must-see attractions in Pompeii, the amphitheater stands as a testament to the ingenuity and architectural prowess of the Roman civilization, inviting visitors to step back in time and experience the grandeur of the past.